I. Introduction. Essay - 2,303 words

I. Introduction. Negroes of the USA are an ethno racial generality, a part of Americans. There is number 30,0 million people. Speak on the American variant of English language and so-called black English. Over 80 % of them are protestants (including 60 % of Baptists, more than 20 % are methodologists).


There are also Catholics, "black Moslems", "black Jews" and others. The problem of racial discrimination always existed and still exists in our world. Maybe the reason of that is our human nature: we like to accept only those who are similar to us even in terms of the color of the skin. African Americans, the newcomers had and have very difficult life. They are still not treated as normal people. The constitutions accepted in southern staffs in 1890-1910 have deprived African Americans with many civil rights; have legalized a racial discrimination and segregation in moving and getting of education, on transport and in public places.


Since that time there had been a struggle for rights to be treated as normal people that leads till now. Having decided to learn some facts of this question more thoroughly I chose the book Still have discrimination? by Michel Hogan cause it allows me to learn about the facts of discrimination in our modern world. . African Americans are the descendants of the African slaves who came to Northern America at 17-19 centuries. The process of cultural, and then social assimilation which has begun still in the colonial period and happened contrary to interdictions, physical mixture of Africans with white Americans and Indians have led to that already in the middle of 19 century third of free Negroes and 10% of slaves were mulattoes, in 30th years of 20 century mulattoes made 75 % of all African Americans. It is well known that black people were suffering from slave system in their motherland.


The countries they lived in became colonies and they were forced to work at the fields for white people. Colonization of Africa began from accommodation there veterans and supporters of Mari and proceeded at Caesar and August. From the very beginning of a colony were based mainly at coast, on crossing of the main means of communication, in strategically important items, in the centers of the most fertile areas, especially suitable for grain crops. They suffered a lot and decided to come to USA because they had learned that US is a country of freedom where everyone has the opportunity to do what he likes. But after coming to the USA they were very disappointed having found that the conditions for black people are not different there. They still were not be able to have education and job and still have to serve white people in there houses. Not only adults, but small children were working hard for rich white people. In the past century more than one million of American Black Children under 12 were involved in child labor.


They had to do that cause had no other choice. By that time child labour in the USA was quite natural, widespread phenomenon. Due to the extremely low wages, it brought extremely high profit and consequently it was actively used in all branches of manufacture and sphere of services. There were factories and plants entirely completed with children-workers, and a number of the large companies openly used child labour as the basic contingent of a labour at the enterprises. Juvenile workers was habitual both for capitalists, and for children, and was carried out from the full consent of their own parents. At fathers and mothers were not other choice, but there was a constant need in additional copeck on a piece of bread. Hands, let even the smallest and weak, should support the "superfluous" mouth, and the child.


For hundreds of years people from Africa met only cruelty. A freedom and a life were abducted and on sale. People were delivered and sorted, weighed, branded signs of trade enterprises and loaded on the ships going in irrevocable traveling. One of the largest migrations in history was also one of the greatest crimes. Travel under decks was a hot, narrow, dark nightmare, weeks and months of an imprisonment, insults and confusions in the unfamiliar and lonely sea. Some people rejected to eat, preferring death to any future which aggressors could prepare for them.


Fallen ill were threw into the sea. Someone rose on furious revolt, as a first approximation carrying out validity on a vessel with slaves. Many cases of disobedience and bravery are known. About innumerable set of other cases well never learn. Those who survived to see the ground again, were exposed, investigated and sold on auctions in the countries of the Western hemisphere. They appeared in societies, indifferent to their flours and prospering due to their no-charge work.


In history of America there was time when each seventh person was the property of another. Under the law they were considered only as the subjects of trade which are not having the rights to make trip, either to marry, or to own property. As families were frequently separated, many had been deprived even consolations by an opportunity to suffer together. 250 years captured suffered approach to their culture and advantage. The spirit of Africans in America has not been broken. And the spirit of their aggressors was underground. Underground people incured a role and habits of tyrants and owners.


Years of unpunished cruelty, intimidation and rapes have generated languid and nonflexible consciousness. Christians shut eyes on extremely clear precepts of the belief and added hypocrisy to injustice. The republic based on idea of equality for everything, became prison for millions. And still, as the American proverb says, " there is no fist big enough to close the sky ". All generations of oppression under human laws could not break hope for freedom and cancel the Divine craft. In America the enslaved Africans have learned history of an outcome from Egypt and by the hearts were adjusted on the promised ground of freedom. The enslaved Africans have opened the suffering Savior and have found out, that it is more like them, than their owners.


The enslaved Africans heard sonorous vows of the Declaration of independence and asked to itself an obvious question: why not for me? The cancellation of slavery in the USA as a result of Civil war 1861-65, having finished with isolation of former slaves, has sharply sped up processes of their social differentiation and cultural assimilation. Before 1-st world war there were Negro bourgeoisie, the industry and agricultural proletariat, farmers, intellectuals. However the constitutions accepted in southern staffs in 1890-1910 have deprived African Americans with many civil rights, have legalized a racial discrimination and segregation in moving and getting of education, on transport and in places of public using. Mass resettlement of African Americans in cities ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

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Essay Tags: african american, new york, american, african, racial discrimination

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